This region is historically fertile and was the cradle of many ancient Egyptian civilizations. The delta stretches from the northern part of Cairo to the Mediterranean Sea. Nile Delta Region: One of Egypt's most significant geographical features is the Nile Delta. To the northeast, Egypt has coastlines along the Red Sea. Sudan lies to its south, and Libya to its west. To the north, Egypt meets the Mediterranean Sea, while to the east, it shares a border with Israel and the Gaza Strip. It covers an area of about 1,001,450 square kilometers (approximately 386,662 square miles). Egypt, officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is located in northeastern Africa with its Sinai Peninsula stretching into Western Asia.